The Concept of Law
The concept of Law is one of the foundations of society. Whether we’re talking about Natural law or Constitutional law, we need to have a clear understanding of what makes up a law. In this article, we’ll talk about the nature of the rules and legality of law. We’ll also discuss the relationship between natural law and the Constitution.
Rules of law
The Rule of Law is a political concept that demands that people in positions of power exercise their power according to well-established public norms. It requires that a government act within its legal framework and be held accountable through law when there is a suspicion that its actions are arbitrary or illegal.
Legality
Legality of law is an important concept in legal theory. It is the principle that the state can never punish a person arbitrarily. It ensures that no defendant can be punished retroactively, and that judges must always lean in favor of the defendant in interpreting a statute. It also forbids judges from declaring a person guilty without a clear justification.
Constitutional law
Constitutional law is a branch of law that deals with the rights and freedoms guaranteed by our nation’s Constitution and its state constitutions. These documents establish the authority of the government, the rights of individuals, and the limits of government power. These documents serve as the foundation for all other procedural and substantive laws.
Natural law
The concept of natural law refers to the principles governing the behavior of rational beings with free will. The first precept of natural law is the imperative to do good and avoid evil. This view originated with Thomas Aquinas, a philosopher who developed the natural law theory of morality. According to Aquinas, good and evil are objectively defined and derived from the laws of nature.
Common law
Common law is a legal system that does not follow formal statutes, but instead relies on a system of legal precedents that are determined by courts. These precedents are decisions made by public juries and judicial authorities, and they can be used to shape future court decisions. The presiding judge decides which precedents are relevant to a case and how they may affect a current one.
International law
International law is a body of rules that are recognized as binding among states. It lays down normative guidelines and a common conceptual framework for states, covering broad domains.
Customs
Customs law is a set of regulations that govern importation and export of goods. It is the responsibility of customs authorities to ensure that these regulations are followed correctly. Before a person can import or export goods, they must apply for an import permit and undergo the required inspections.
